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BASIC INTERNATIONAL AND CUSTOMS TERMS

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International and customs terms

Foreign economic activity (FEA)

The area of economic activity, which is inextricably linked with the implementation of foreign trade, lending and implementation of investment projects, as well as the import and export of products, goods, services, information, intellectual property and rights to them.

Cargo customs declaration (CCD)

It is one of the main documents that are drawn up when a cargo crosses the country's border. To be completed by the cargo manager, must be certified by the customs inspector. CCD is the admission of goods through customs.

In addition, the document confirms the legality of the transaction between the parties to foreign economic activity and contains the following data:
- detailed information about the product;
- its customs value;
- information about the vehicle;
- information about the consignor and consignee.

Declarant

A subject of foreign economic activity, which directly presents to the authorized representatives of customs the goods and vehicles crossing the border, and also accompanies them during transportation through customs.

Invoice

A document issued by the seller side to the buyer side. It contains information:
- a list of goods sold;
- their units of measurement, total quantity, unit price and total cost;
- description, technical characteristics and features of the cargo;
- information about the consignor and consignee;
- delivery order.

Incoterms

Glossary of international rules for decoding and interpreting the most commonly used trade terminology in the field of foreign economic activity.

Bill of Lading

A document provided by the carrier and confirming the ownership of the transported goods.
Its main functions are:
is a receipt - confirms the receipt of the goods by the carrier for subsequent transportation;
performs the role of TTN (consignment note);
acts as a contract for the transportation of goods;
confirms the obligations of the carrier to transfer the goods to the consignee at the place of delivery.

Through bill of lading

Sea freight document. Its registration is necessary in cases when the cargo moves through transit points or is reloaded on another type of transport. It is most widely used for multimodal transportation (when using several modes of transport).

Ship of the line

A type of transport that operates regular flights between certain ports, according to a schedule.

Logistics

A set of measures, including the management of commodity supply, movement and storage of material resources, as well as the management of the relevant information and financial flows.

Carrier

The person responsible for the transportation of the consignment, as well as for the operation of transport.

Customs fee

Payment required for authorized customs representatives to carry out activities for declaring a consignment of goods, storing and escorting it.

Customs Payment

The system of fees, including customs duty and other payments for carrying out actions to declare the cargo and its escort, as well as other payments (current taxes, special duties, including refundable and anti-dumping), withheld by the customs authorities in accordance with the current legislation.

Customs cost

Really incurred expenses for the purchase and delivery of inventory items to the zone of entry into the territory of the state or export from it.

Customs territory

Geographic territory covered by the customs legislation of a particular state. Consists of land, internal, territorial waters and airspace above them.

Customs clearance

The system of measures for placing consignments and transport under a specific customs regime provided for by the current regulations.

Customs broker

An active participant in foreign economic activity, who was chosen by the customer (declarant) to provide intermediary services in the implementation of the declaration of goods (including the payment of mandatory payments, etc.) and its transportation.

Customs fee

Indirect taxes and other payments that are levied on imported, exported and transit goods. They are held by customs without fail at rates regulated by customs rules. These payments are channeled to the state budget.

Customs control zone

Part of the customs territory, organized and marked in a certain way, in which a set of measures for customs control and control over the implementation of special customs regulations are carried out.

Customs control

This is a set of measures carried out by authorized representatives of customs in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of Russian customs laws and other legislative norms, the implementation of which must be fully controlled by the customs authorities.

Customs regime

The status acquired by cargo or transport when crossing customs. Depending on the type of customs regime and the purposes of further movement, special duties and other fees, taxes, embargoes and restrictions are applied to the cargo, provided for by special legislation of the Russian Federation regulating foreign economic activity.

Goods

All types of movable property, including currency, any types of energy (heat, electricity, etc.), transport, in addition to that which is involved in international freight and passenger transportation, intellectual property. Also, this category includes sea, air and other vessels, space objects that fall under the definition of real estate.

Goods that are under customs control are:
1) foreign-made goods that are imported into the territory of the Russian Federation, until:
- sending them to free trade;
- crossing customs by them during export;
- their disposal.

2) goods of domestic production - until the moment they move customs when they are exported from the territory of the state.

In this case, the category "transport" includes any vehicles involved in international cargo and passenger transportation. This also includes containers and transport equipment.

Packing list

An accompanying document, which indicates all types and grades of the transported goods, located in a certain cargo item (container, box, etc.). It is necessary in cases where one package contains several types of goods. It is an attachment to the invoice.

Feeder ship

The board is small in size, cruising at a relatively shallow depth. It is used for reloading containers that arrived on liner ships. Each vessel has its own container collection route.

Freight

Payment for services for the carriage of goods specified in the law or contract. Withheld from the shipper or charterer in favor of the carrier.

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